Swanson's Academy of Tae Kwon Do Student Manual

Table of Contents

What is Tae Kwon Do
History of Tae Kwon Do
Chung Do Kwan
Swanson's Tae Kwon Do
Rank Structure
What is a Black Belt
Tenets of Tae Kwon Do
Tae Kwon Do among other martial arts 
Theory of Power
Philosophy
Attacking and Blocking
Vital Spots
Training
Stretching
Basic Exercises
Forms
Sparring
Competition
Promotional Testing
Courteous Conduct
Instructor Student Relationship

 

 

  

    

Taekwondo is a way of life based upon the premise of peace through strength. This Korean Martial Art is practiced throughout the modern world. It is often called Korean Karate. It literally means, Tae - kick, Kwon - fist, Do - way; or the art of hand and foot fighting.

It is easy to distinguish Taekwondo from other martial arts such as Japanese Karate, and Chinese Kung Fu. Taekwondo also differs from Hapkido, Judo, Yusul (Jujitsu) and kickboxing because of its emphasis on kicking techniques. Other martial arts place their emphasis on striking with the hands, or use various throws and joint locks to subdue attackers. It should be noted that Taekwondo does contain all of the techniques mentioned above, but no other martial art emphasizes kicking techniques more than Taekwondo. There are more than 50 different kicking combinations and foot blocks used in Taekwondo.

Though it is a martial art, its discipline, technique, and mental training are the mortar for building a strong sense of justice, fortitude, humility and resolve.

 

There is no specific historical data that shows when or how martial arts came into existence. However, most of the martial arts are believed to have begun under the direction and influence of the Buddhist Monks, who traveled extensively between the oriental countries. The main reason for this belief lies in the fact that the Buddhist monks were the ones to develop certain physical fitness exercises to overcome the weakening of their bodies due to long meditation sessions. These exercises closely resemble modern martial arts movements. The monks also devised self-defense techniques to protect themselves from local robbers. These bandits were constantly annoying the monks as they returned from the villages where they had received donations and charities from the people. Therefore, the martial arts are believed to have been spread across the Orient by Buddhist Monks. They trained themselves in both physical fitness and self-defense techniques.

In Taekwondo, we find a similar story of origin. Nearly 1300 years ago, the royal youth group of the Silla Dynasty, called Hwa-rang-do, were the driving force for the development of Taekwondo. They asked one of the most famous Buddhist Monks, Won-Kang, to give them certain principals of life to follow. The Hwa-rang-do youth wanted direction in their physical training and exercises so they could develop their self-confidence, self-control and self-defense maneuvers. Won-Kang gave them the following five sentences to live by:

1. Be loyal to your King.
2. Be obedient to your parents.
3. Be honorable to your friends.
4. Never retreat in battle.
5. Make a just kill.

Won-Kang also gave them the physical exercise maneuvers which combined the monks' physical exercises and Taek Kyon, the ancient Korean art of foot fighting. However, the Japanese occupation of Korea from 1909 to 1945, brought about a setback in the development of the art. All martial arts were outlawed by the Japanese. Although Taek Kyon was practiced in secret, it was limited in its growth. With the liberation of Korea in 1945, Taek Kyon was utilized to help the Korean military men to regain their strength. In 1955, the name "Taekwondo" was coined to describe the new National Martial Art of Korea formed by the uniting of the nine kwans. The name was selected by a board of instructors, historians and other prominent persons. The name was chosen based on its appropriate description of the art; Tae - kick, Kwon - fist, Do - way. Prior to this agreement one the name for the Korean martial arts the names Tang Soo Do, Tae Soo Do, So Bahk Do and others were used. This new name not only carries a phonetic similarity to the ancient art of Taek kyon, but the new name also gave a new sense of nationalism and prestige to the art.

After 1300 years, this Korean martial art continues to mature and has spread from a small band of aristocratic youth to practitioners in more than 100 countries with several million students and inclusion in the Olympic games. The combination of the old classical techniques and new modifications have resulted in a form of self-defense, as well as physical and mental conditioning that is unrivaled in the modern world.

Swanson’s Academy of Taekwondo instructs all students according to Chung Do Kwan principles.

Chung Do Kwan literally translates to "House of the Blue Wave". Blue is symbolic of purity. We strive for purity of mind, body and spirit in our practice of Taekwondo. The Wave is symbolic of water consistently crashing on a rock thus wearing it away, the waves are a source of endless power and knowledge symbolizing that in Taekwondo anything can be accomplished through consistent practice. The house is symbolic of structure, Chung Do Kwan provides the basis by which we practice Taekwondo. 

The Chung Do Kwan Academy was founded in 1944 by Won Kuk Lee as the first Do-jang after a 35 year ban of Martial Arts by occupying Japanese forces. After this, many other Kwans came into existence, but few had the technical and fighting knowledge of Chung Do Kwan. Since that time, much of what separated Chung Do Kwan from other styles of Taekwondo has been adopted by the other systems. 

Most of the modern leaders of Taekwondo are of Chung Do Kwan lineage. The current class structure, hyungs, and sparring systems that are used in each class taught by Swanson’s Taekwondo have all been developed by Masters and Grandmasters of Chung Do Kwan Taekwondo.

1. The shape is that of a keyhole, meaning Taekwondo will aid students in unlocking their potential.
2. The fist and banner represent the Chung Do Kwan heritage of the school within Taekwondo.
3. The person depicted is kicking, emphasizing the use of the legs in Taekwondo.
4. The background is the Korean Um-Yang, symbolizing the constant conflict and flow of good and evil, light and dark in the world.

 

 

There are 9 ranks (gup) below the black belt level and 9 ranks (Dan) of Black Belt. Listed below are the various rank levels, the corresponding belt, and the belt color meanings.

Rank	Belt Color	Meaning
9D Gup	White	Signifies innocence, as that of a beginning student who has no previous knowledge of Taekwondo.
8D & 8R Gup	Orange	Signifies the sun that nurtures the plant as it begins to grow providing the energy of life.
7D & 7R Gup	Orange with White Stripe
6D & 6D Gup	Green	Signifies the plant’s growth as the skill of the Taekwondo practitioner begins to develop.
5D & 5R Gup	Green with White Stripe
4D & 4R Gup	Blue	Signifies the heavens, toward which the plant matures into a towering tree as training in Taekwondo progresses.
3D & 3R Gup	Blue with White Stripe
2D & 2R Gup	Brown	As the student continues to devote time and energy to the art of Taekwondo, the belt continues to darken with the sweat and dirt of training becoming brown.
1R Gup	Brown with Black Stripe
1D Gup	Half Brown & Half Black	Symbolizing the transition to a black belt.
1R Black	Black with White Stripe	Black Belt but with the reminder to train with the attitude and enthusiasm of a beginner.
1st Dan through 9th Dan	Black with Gold stripes	Opposite of white, therefore signifying maturity and proficiency in Taekwondo. Also indicates the wearer’s imperviousness to darkness and fear

1st through 3rd degree black belts are considered to be novices; 4th degree black belts Jr. Masters, 5th through 7th degree black belts Masters; and 8th and 9th degree black belts, Grand Master of Taekwondo.

Each rank, up to 4th Degree black belt, is divided into two sub-ranks, “recommended” or “R” which is a half rank lower than “decided” or “D”. For example, a 6D is a half rank lower than a 5R, and a 2R black belt is a half a rank higher than a 1D black belt. 

 

 

It is the goal of all beginning students in Tae Kwon Do to eventually reach the rank of Black Belt. The Black Belt signifies the students understanding of the fundamentals of Tae Kwon Do. Once a student has achieved the rank of black belt, they may now begin to really learn the technique. Now that he has mastered the alphabet, he can begin to read. A perceptive student will, upon reaching the black belt rank, suddenly realize how very limited he is in his understanding of the art. A black belt holder also enters a new era of responsibility. Though a freshman, he has entered a strong and honorable fraternity of black belt holders. The black belt's actions inside and outside the training hall will reflect back on all black belt holders, the school and the art. He must strive to set an example for all to follow.

 

As mentioned earlier, Tae Kwon Do is not all-physical, the five tenets are a guide for practitioners to use in their daily life. The following is a listing of the tenets and their meaning:

1. Courtesy - Refers to the student's ability to respect oneself, as well as others. Respecting oneself includes obtaining proper nutrition, rest, and physical exercise. Respecting others involves consistently demonstrating a gracious, just and helpful attitude and behavior toward others.

2. Integrity - Refers to the student's adherence to an honor code of behavior. This concept entails the student striving to be honest with oneself and others in both thought and action. This approach enables the student to develop their strengths and minimize their weaknesses. Having the knowledge of what’s right, to develop correct decision making ability.

3. Perseverance - Refers to the student holding steadfast to a course of action, belief, or purpose. This tenet governs the student's tenacity or ability to complete what is begun, never quitting and enjoying the trip or course of action that he/she started.

4. Self Control - Refers to the student's capability to keep their emotions consistent and in balance over time. Developing this principle will permit the student to better live in harmony with self and their environment. Knowing ones self, their weaknesses, and their strengths. Making their weaknesses in to strengths.

5. Indomitable Spirit - Refers to the student freeing his spirit in a manner which enables him to achieve the greatest level of potential. This ideal also encourages the student to tirelessly pursue and stand firmly for the principles he holds to be true. Confucius once declared: It is an act of cowardice to fail to speak out against injustice.

 

 

The basic characteristics and principles of the various martial arts are almost identical to one another. However, they slightly differ from each other in how they achieve their goals. 

Kung Fu, a Chinese martial art, utilizes circular motions with poking and grabbing techniques to defend oneself from the assailant. It trains its practitioners with various dance like patterns, which were derived from the wild animals in the untouched forests of the Orient.

Karate, a Japanese martial art, literally means “empty hand”, and emphasizes straight forward motions of the upper body. It stresses the importance or deadliness of a hand technique, such as punching.

Judo, was mainly developed in Japan and introduced during World War II to the western world. It literally means “soft way”. Judo is designed to utilize the assailant’s weight distribution and balance in defending oneself. Any man who is unbalanced while attacking can be thrown due to their over-commitment at the moment of attack.

Yusul, sometimes called Jujitsu, is similar to Judo. Literally, it means “soft tricks”. It derives its name from the fact that it sets up a trap for the assailant, and works on his unbalance as in Judo.

Akido is yet another Japanese art. It is exclusively the use of joint locks and throws in the manipulation of the assailants own momentum.

Hapkido, “way of unifying spirit”, is a specialized Korean art. It specifically emphasizes the self-defense techniques developed by Choi Yung Sool. In the initial stages of development, the Hapkido student learns a variety of twisting, pressing, and joint manipulation techniques, which are also found in the later stages of Tae Kwon Do training. Hapkido is based on three cardinal principles: Circular Motion, Flow like water, and Non-resistance. Swanson's Taekwondo is a charter member of the International Combat Hapkido Federation. Additional training in Hapkido is available to youth students holding the rank of Blue Belt and above and to all adults.

Tae Kwon Do, “art of foot and hand fighting”, emphasizes the foot over the use of the hand in defending oneself. Generally, a leg has a longer reach and is more powerful than an arm. An assailant attacking with his fist cannot reach the distance that can be reached be the leg of the defender. Therefore, the defender in Tae Kwon Do can easily defeat the assailant with a trained kicking technique. This is especially true, if the distance between the people is even just a few inches longer than an arm length. However, this does not mean that Tae Kwon Do ignores the importance of hand movements. Hand techniques are considered vital for blocking and attacking in Tae Kwon Do. The concept is clearly seen as the beginning students are taught: first, the basic blocking and attack movements with the hands, and then, is instructed in the more difficult blocking and attacking leg movements.

Tae Kwon Do is also internationally renown for its vertical and horizontal jumping techniques. It is common to find a Tae Kwon Do practitioner who is capable of kicking a target up to eight feet above the floor, and able to jump fifteen feet or more horizontally over obstacles to kick a target. In addition, Tae Kwon Do has gained acceptance as an Olympic sport. Therefore, it is understandable why many people consider Tae Kwon Do to be the finest martial art in the world today.

 

 

There are five elements that generate the most destructive power in Tae Kwon Do. They are:

1. Action and Reaction Force
2. Concentration on the Target Spot (Focus)
3. Equilibrium of Body Weight (Balance)
4. Breath Control
5. Speed

Let's examine each subject briefly.

1. Action and Reaction Force - We know that Newton's Third Law regarding action and reaction force works on every object. There is an equal reaction force to every action force that is exerted on an object. Taekwondo uses these forces in punching and kicking. When punching, one withdraws one's left hand while striking with the right hand. When blocking, one also pulls one's right hand to the right side while blocking with the left hand. The same is done when kicking to create the reaction force to the action force, the kick.

To state this another way, we control the effects of reaction force by applying what is actually a counter force – a force created to be equal and opposite to the "working" force for the purpose of keeping the body in balance. This counter force has its own force that cancels the reaction force of the working force.

When a punch is thrown natural reaction force pushes the trunk of the body in the opposite direction from the tool. Typically the body counters this by tightening, which hinders speed and restricts breathing. However, when a punch is executed and the opposite arm is properly and simultaneously drawn back, the trunk does not feel the punch’s reaction force and you can remain relaxed so the trunk may finish contributing its full effort to the technique.

Flying kicks are an excellent demonstration of correctly applied action-reaction force. The kicker does not a the floor to push against to generate a powerful kick, and must instead rely on proper action reaction force to break the board.

2. Concentration on the Target Spot - There are 365 vital spots in a human body. Of course, all these vital spots are hard for beginners in Taekwondo to locate and recognize. However, a few vital spots can easily be found on any person's body; the solar plexus, temple, kidney, windpipe, nose-bridge, groin, etc. These are the basic target areas for the defender when faced with an assailant. By concentrating the impact force onto these spots, the defender increases the effect of his attack. The shorter the time of the concentration of force on the vital spot, the greater the speed. The greater the speed, the greater the impact. Concentration of force, however, can only be reached by mobilizing every muscle of the body onto these spots simultaneously. Needless to same, focusing or concentrating the force of the entire body into a specific target, the strike is more effective. Conversely, a larger striking surface diminishes the power of a strike or a greater surface area and reduces its effectiveness.

3. Equilibrium of Body Weight - No sport or athletic activity omits the importance of maintaining balance. Taekwondo is no exception, rather it requires special emphasis on it. One reason why a practitioner must keep his shoulder square and his feet in a particular position is to achieve proper balance. This aligns the body and ensures the centering of the mass of the body. Your entire body must be behind the technique. This "unified" strike will be much stronger than one that is simply generated by the arm or leg. Proper balance is essential for both a quick attack and instant recovery. 

4. Breath Control - Controlled breathing not only conceals any outward signs of exhaustion, but also helps concentrate power, promote speed and permit preparation for additional movements. Effective breath control is hard to describe and appreciate unless one has tried it themselves. There is an important rule to keep in mind: Never inhale while blocking or attacking an opponent. It slows down the movements and diminishes the power of the blow.

5. Speed - We often hear about the "lightening blow". Why is it so awesome? The key to the question is speed. A bullet shot from a rifle has more destructive power than an arrow from a bow because the bullet has more speed. Of course, speed alone cannot accomplish a desired result unless used along with the other four elements. The speed in the hand and foot techniques con only be acquired by the repetitive practicing of each movement. There is no easier or faster way of acquiring speed than practicing the maneuvers over and over. Under the direction of a bona fide instructor, it is possible for the speed of techniques to improve, breath control to strengthen, balance to become more stable, concentration to increase and the individual's action and reaction force to become more powerful. The faster you hit a target, the more energy in transferred into the target before it begins to move away. This is demonstrated in the speed break – if a technique is done with sufficient speed, the board can be broken before it is pushed away.

 

 

The following is an excerpt from "Taekwon-do, Legacy" by General Choi Hong Hi. It is an excellent explanation of the philosophy of Taekwondo.

In recent years, there has been an upsurge in violence and a loss of morality in all levels of society, especially among the young. There are, of course a number of reasons for this.

Many psychologists today feel that this problem stems from frustration. Analysts, on the other hand point out that these misguided people are indeed a disillusioned segment of society searching for values and relevance in what they consider deceitful, materialistic, and absurd world of wars and decadence.

Unfortunately, however intent of constructively channeling their extraordinary energy and potential, far too many strike out in blind anger, destroying rather than building, or merely running away from it all by isolating themselves with drugs and their own worlds of fantasy.

Presently, the tendency of "the stronger preying upon the weaker" appears to be at its peak. Frankly, the present world closely resembles a "corrupt age."

It is obvious that this phenomenon of society is not merely because of the struggle for survival, but mainly because of an overdeveloped material and scientific civilization. The former misleads the young to the extreme materialism or egoism, while the latter seized human beings with fear, though playing an essential role in public welfare.

Then what would be the remedy? Needless to say it is the development of moral civilization.

The utmost purpose of Taekwon-do is to eliminate fighting by discouraging the stronger's oppression of the weaker with a power that must be based on humanity, justice, morality, wisdom and faith, thus helping to build a better and more peaceful world.

All men, regardless of age, have felt that death is a shame and lamented that they cannot live as long as the pine trees or the turtles that seem to live a thousand years. Righteous men, on the other hand, deplore the fact that justice does not always triumph over the tyranny of power. However, there are two ways to deal with these problems: The former, through mental discipline, the latter, through physical training.

It is my firm belief that through Taekwon-do, anyone can garner enough strength to become a guardian of justice, to challenge social disunity and , to cultivate the human spirit to the highest level attainable. It is in this spirit, I am dedicating the art of Taekwon-do to the people of the world.

The philosophy of Taekwon-do is based on the ethical, moral, and spiritual standards by which men can live together in harmony, and its patterns are inspired by the ideals and exploits of great men of Korean history. Korea's famous military and civil leaders who in nearly five thousand years of Korean history have never invaded their neighbor yet who fought bravely and made great self-sacrifices to defend their homeland against invading enemies. I also include the names of patriots who willingly gave up their lives to regain Korea's freedom and independence from the Japanese occupation.

Each Hyung of Taekwon-do expresses the thoughts and the actions of these great men, so the students of Taekwon-do must reflect the true intentions of those whose name each Hyung bears.

Therefore, under no circumstances should Taekwon-do be used for any commercial or political purpose whatsoever.

I have set forth the following philosophy and guidelines which will be the cornerstone of Taekwon-do and by which all serious students of this art are encouraged to live.

1. Be willing to go where the going may be tough and do the things that are worth doing even though they are difficult.
2. Be gentle to the weak and though to the strong.
3. Be content with what you have in money and position but never in skills.
4. Always finish what you begin, be it large or small.
5. Be a willing teacher to anyone regardless of religion, race or ideology.
6. Never yield to repression of threat in the pursuit of a noble cause.
7. Teach attitude and skill with action rather than words.
8. Always be yourself even though your circumstances may change.
9. Be the eternal teacher who teaches with the body when young, with words when old, and by moral precept even after death.

 

 

An extensive discussion of attacking and blocking tools will not take place here. However, a few tools need to be mentioned because they are essential in the martial arts.

Hands and feet serve as the two fundamental tools of blocking and attacking. The back fist, side fist, under fist, palm, knuckle fist, middle-knuckle fist, fore-knuckle fist, knife hand, reverse-knife hand, finger tips, arc hand, backhand, elbow, and forearm are hand tools. The ball of the foot, back sole, foot sword, knee, back heel, instep, side instep, and middle-sole are foot tools. Of course, there are many other variations of hand and foot tools that can be utilized. However, the basic hand and foot tools are listed above.

There is no particular tool used only for blocking or only for attacking. The hand and foot tools can be used for both purposes. Any part of a person’s body can be used. However, there are some tools that are suitable for attacking; while other tools are more suitable for blocking. In essence, a student will need to be able to utilize whatever blocking or attacking tool is appropriate in a given situation. One must be able to adjust to new situations and environments since they often change in a matter of moments.

 

The definition of “Kup So” (Vital Spots) in Taekwondo is as follows: Any part of a human body that is sensitive enough to be broken or destroyed by a blow and causes a severe pain or fatal wound when attacked. There are 365 vital spots in a human body. However, approximately 70 of them are considered to be the most vulnerable target areas.

They are divided here into three major areas for the purposes of illustration:

1. Neck and Above
2. Shoulder to Abdomen
3. Hip to Foot

Now, let us look at a few of the major vital spots in each area of the body.

1. Neck and Above: temple, nose bridge, eyes, philtrum, jaw, adam’s apple, wind pipe, and clavicle.
2. Shoulder to Abdomen: shoulder joint, wrist joint, heart, solar plexus, spleen, liver, spinal cord, kidney.
3. Hip to Foot: knee cap, groin, scrotum, instep, common peroneal, achilles tendon, and coccyx.

The main reason why a Taekwondo practitioner must know these vital spots is that he should be able to choose his target spots for both effective offense and defense. Let us remember that an attack on a vital spot can cause fatal wounds or permanent deformity. Therefore, avoid any indiscriminate attack to those points whenever possible.

 

 

 

Taekwondo, as other martial arts, does not teach one to be a superman. It is designed to give the practitioner a set of healthy physical fitness exercises, enjoyment from participation in a sport, the challenge of accomplishing proficiency in an art, and defensive maneuvers for self-defense. Through the benefits mentioned above, Taekwondo intends to give its practitioner self-confidence, self-control, self-respect, and self-discipline. Normal practicing of Taekwondo enables a person to develop the above mental characteristics gradually. In Taekwondo, the repetition of movements makes it possible to develop higher proficiency regarding kicking and hand techniques. In other words, the perfection achieved by the repetition of practicing can give the practitioner the mental as well as, physical acuteness, which is necessary to ward off any assailant.

Nevertheless, the best training can be given only when there is a solid bond between the instructor and the student. The most important element in your training and development in Taekwondo is the instructor-student relationship. The instructor feels no obligation to teach the students simply because they pay a set of fees. If both parties and bound only by monetary payments, there can only be a mechanical and sterile exchange of physical movements. Everyone should recognize that the instruction of the martial arts is not a sales commodity. It is rather the function of a human relationship found between brothers, parent and child, or friends. Only in this kind of environment can the most effective, most efficient, and most adequate training be possible. Only is this atmosphere, can the instruction, including the special techniques of each instructor, be properly communicated to the students.

The training orientation of Taekwondo is very simple. The students consistently obey the direction of their instructor. The instructor says do – the student does! Just as when a football player questions or disobeys his coach, the whole training scheme breaks down. This will be especially true in Taekwondo. There are certain standards that can help the students of Taekwondo reach a higher level of proficiency in the art. They are:

1. Toughening the fist, fingertips, knife hand, and footsword
2. Going through the basic exercises
3. Kicking the light and heavy bags
4. Jumping over a certain height each day
5. Running on sand
6. Controlling deep breathing 
7. Practicing higher level techniques
8. Meditating daily 
9. Calisthenics

There are numerous other training objectives that can be given to the students, as the instructor sees the need for each of them. Therefore, the essence of Taekwondo training is the human relationship between the instructor and student. Taekwondo does not accept the students who have good techniques but poor minds, rather it expects students to have both good minds and good techniques.

Incessant training is essential to keep oneself in top form and physical condition. In the case of students of Taekwondo who have been in consistent practice, they are able to accomplish a variety of feats that would otherwise not be possible. Time spent training will not be wasted, you will reap a rich reward in the form of speedy reactions and blows. In some circumstances, the practiced student spends no time thinking, as actions come automatically to them. Even if Taekwondo is practiced for the sake of exercise alone, the enjoyment derived will justify the time invested. Repetition teaches patience and the resolve to overcome any difficulty. Sparring teaches humility, courage, alertness, accuracy, and self control. Forms teach flexibility, grace, balance, and coordination.

 

 

Stretching keeps our muscles supple, prepares us for movement, and helps us make the daily transition from inactivity to vigorous activity without undue strain. Since strenuous activities promote tightness and inflexibility in our bodies, it is imperative that we utilize proper stretching techniques before and after each workout to prevent common injuries and maintain the flexibility necessary to obtain the maximum results from our efforts and energy. 

Stretching is a relative easy activity to do. However, if it is performed incorrectly, stretching can actually do more harm than good. Consequently, it is essential that we understand and learn the proper techniques of stretching and incorporate them in our daily workouts. 

Participating in regular stretching activities makes your body feel good. It is important that students challenge themselves to progress daily in their stretching activities, but it is equally important that they do not establish a personal goal of seeing how far they can stretch. All stretching activities should be tailored to the particular muscular structure, flexibility, and various tension levels of the individual student. 

The two most important aspects to proper stretching are regularity and relaxation. The principle reason for stretching is to "reduce muscular tension", which will promote freedom of movement. Therefore, the student should not be concentrating on attaining extreme flexibility, because this will normally lead to over stretching and injury. 

Stretching is designed to be a peaceful, relaxing, and noncompetitive activity. The subtle, invigorating feelings of stretching allow the student to be more aware of his/her muscles. It is also entirely adjustable to the needs of the art a specific moment in time. 

Regular stretching activities will provide the student excellent conditioning opportunities, but it is imperative that the student begin slowly and regularly to participate in a series of exercises that are best suited for their training. Each student should give their mind and body sufficient time to adjust to the stresses of physical activity.

All serious students of Taekwondo should be involved in stretching activities several times per week. Stretching can be done any time the student can work it into their schedule. You should stretch before and after working out in Taekwondo, as well as other times of the day when you can benefit from the results of stretching (e.g., release of nervous tension; stiffness from sitting or standing for long periods; or general conditioning while reading, listening to music, or watching television). 

There are numerous benefits that the student of Taekwondo can derive from stretching on a regular basis: 

1. Increases flexibility and range of motion. 
2. Improves coordination because it allows easier movement. 
3. Reduces muscle tension. 
4. Promotes mental and physical relaxation. 
5. Prevents injuries due to muscles being over-strained or over-extended. 
6. Properly prepares the body for strenuous activities. 
7. Enhances body and muscle tone. 
8. Establishes an awareness of muscle group requirements for practicing Taekwondo. 
9. Strengthens the circulatory system. 

Although stretching is easy to learn, there is clearly a correct set of procedures to follow when the student begins his/her stretching activities. The student should be relaxed and sustain a stretching exercise with attention focused on the muscles being stretched. Never use a bouncing motion while participating in stretching exercises or stretch muscles to the point of pain. 

When the student stretches properly and regularly, he will discover that each movement becomes easier. 

There are four classifications of static stretching: -(1) the easy stretch; (2) the developmental stretch; (3) the drastic stretch; (4) the dynamic stretch.

The Easy Stretch is conducted by taking a stretching exercise to the point where there is mild tension in the muscle and this position is maintained for 10-30 seconds. There should be no bouncing motion used. The feeling of tension should subside as the student holds the position. If the tension does not subside then release the stretching position slightly until a more comfortable tension level is found. The easy stretch is designed to reduce muscular tightness and ready the muscle tissues for developmental stretching exercises. 

The Developmental Stretch is done by moving a fraction of an inch further into a stretch than was maintained during the easy stretch exercise for the same muscle or muscle group. Once again there should be no bouncing motion in the developmental stretching activities. This developmental stretch is also held 10-30 seconds. The tension in the muscle should diminish as the student holds the position, if this does not happen then the student needs to ease off slightly until the muscle tension fades the longer he is conducting the stretching exercise. The developmental stretch is designed to fine-tune the muscles and increase flexibility.

The Drastic Stretch is accomplished by taking the stretching exercise to the point of pain and incorporating a bouncing motion in the stretch. The results are normally muscle strains and microscopic tearing of the muscle fibers. This type of stretching should always be avoided! 

The Dynamic Stretch is the concept of stretching in motion. It is exemplified by the stretch kick. Blood flow is often restricted by static stretching, therefore it is wise to do a several repetitions of exercises such as front or side stretch kicks prior to each workout. This will ensure adequate muscle preparation for the high kicks of Taekwondo.

 

 

Basic Exercises are designed to permit the students of Taekwondo to develop their stances (the foundation of their technique), balance, coordination, stamina, breath control, weight equilibrium, body position, proper execution of techniques, speed, focus, timing, power and overall conditioning.

These exercises are performed by beginners, intermediate and advanced students of Taekwondo. Each level of student is expected to demonstrate a higher level of proficiency with the basic form exercises. Basic exercises permit the student to isolate and focus their attention on a single technique or on the execution of a combination movement. These exercises are essential to the development of the Taekwondo student’s skill and ability.

The patterns also known as forms of Taekwondo represent a series of fundamental defense or counter-attack movements which are executed in a logical sequence. In the course of performing a Hyung, the student will systematically address several imaginary opponents using the appropriate blocking and counter-attack tools for each situation. The practice of hyungs enables each student to realize the proper defense for various attacks under certain assumptions. Hyung is the essence of Taekwondo. In other words, Hyung represents all the essential aspects of Taekwondo, Because the student must use all the mental, physical, and spiritual capabilities they possess in order to perform the Forms or Patterns properly. Practicing the Hyungs permit the students to demonstrate many fundamental movements in a series, which develops their sparring techniques, improves their flexibility of movement, improves balance and coordination, increases muscle tone, strengthens breath control, develops speed and fluid-ness of motion, and overall power and timing technique.

A frequent question form students is, "Why forms?" There are the main "why's". 

The first is that forms, being combinations of attacks and blocks, teach the student to put together into combinations the basic attacks and blocks he has learned. These combinations become so habitual to him that he can use them without hesitation. Learning the process of combining attacks and blocks is more important than learning the individual combinations because the process once learned offers an infinity of attacks and blocks.

The second "why" is that the forms, when the student can finally do one or more of them approximately correctly, develop precision of movement. That is to say, the student doing a form well, not only has speed and focus, but his speed and focus must be delivered accurately if the form is to be done correctly. This leads to the ability to deliver a swift, powerful blow on target.

Balance is the third "why". Every movement in every form must be done in balance if the form is to be done correctly. Some forms present a considerable test of this quality. Any blow delivered from a position of unbalance (even a good blow), will put the person in a vulnerable position such as leaning backward, forward or to the side.

So sum up, the collective "why" is that the execution of the form enables the instructor to tell how far the student has progressed. How well a student does his or her forms is a good measure of the person's Taekwondo skills.

The following are aspects that should be maintained by the students when they are performing forms: 

1. Accuracy 
2. Correct posture, head and body position needs to be exhibited at all times during the pattern. 
3. Muscles of the body should be relaxed or tensed at the proper moments in the pattern. 
4. The pattern should be performed in a smooth and fluid manner. 
5. Movements should be done quickly or slowly according to the proper technical considerations in the pattern. 
6. Each pattern should be demonstrated with appropriate skill before a student begins to learn his next pattern. 
7. Students should understand and know the purpose of each movement in the pattern. 
8. Students should perform each movement in the pattern with maximum effort and ability, performing each movement with realism.
9. Students should work diligently to perform their defense and counter-attack movements with the equivalent skill on both their right and left sides. Each pattern should begin and end in exactly the same place on the floor, indicating the student's ability to perform accurate movements with both sides of their body.

The Hyung have been developed through hundreds of years of experience. They are a set of prescribed and logical sequences. The patterns require the student to deal with several imaginary opponents, under various circumstances, and introduces every possible attacking and blocking tool to the student. It is important that the student understands that Taekwondo is to be used only for defense. This is exemplified by each pattern starting with a defensive maneuver, which emphasizes the peaceful orientation of Taekwondo.

There are 24 Hyungs in the Chon-ji (a.k.a. Chang-han) pattern set. They are structured to aid the student in their quest to meet the changes in modern society. General Choi Hong Hi (Toronto, Canada) is the man who devoted his life to structuring the Hyungs. Each pattern symbolizes a special event or a person’s contribution to Korea’s history. General Choi stated that “The 24 Hyungs represent 24 hours, one day, or all my life.” That is Taekwondo can be practiced and developed throughout the entire lifetime of a student.  The Chon-ji pattern set is one of several sets commonly throughout the world.  Others include the Tae-Guk (Kukkikwon), Songham (ATA), and Pinan (Tang Soo Do) forms. 

Now, let us discuss some of the 24 Hyungs mentioned above (See Appendix I for detailed descriptions). We will move from the most basic to the advanced Hyungs. All First Degree black belt holders must know the first 10 Hyungs to be called a novice in Taekwondo.

General Choi described the patterns in the following manner:

Chon-ji: means literally “Heaven and Earth”. It is symbolic of the world’s creation or the beginning of human history. Therefore, it is the initial pattern practiced by the beginner. This pattern also consists of two similar parts – one to represent Heaven (the mental aspects of Taekwondo), and the other the Earth (the physical aspect of Taekwondo).

Bo-Chung: means literally “Revitalization”, to renew ones beliefs and commitments to the art of Taekwondo and life. (This form was developed by Grandmaster In Mook Kim)

Dan-Gun: Named after the holy Dan-Gun, the legendary founder of Korea in the year 2,333 BC.

Do-San: The pseudonym of the patriot Ahn Chang Ho who devoted his life to furthering the education of Korea and its independence movement.

Won-Hyo: The noted monk who introduced Buddhism and his method of self-defense to the Silla Dynasty in the year of 686 AD.

Yul-Guk: The pseudonym of a great philosopher and scholar Yi 1 (1536-1584) also known as the “Confucius of Korea”.

Joong-Gun: Named after the patriot Ahn Joong-Gun who assassinated Hire Ito, the first Japanese governor-general of Korea (the man who played the leading part of the Korea-Japan merger).

Toi-Gye: The penname of the noted scholar Yi Hwang (16th AD) an authority on Neo-Confucianism.

Hwa-Rang: Named after the Hwa-Rang-Do youth group, which originated in the Silla Dynasty about the 5th Century AD. This group eventually became the driving force for the unification of the three kingdoms of Korea.

Choong-Moo: The name given to the great Admiral Yi Soon-Sin of the Lee Dynasty. He was reputed to have invented the first armored battleship (Kobukson) in 1592, which is said to be the precursor of the present day submarine. The reason why this pattern ends with a left hand attack is to symbolize his regrettable death, having no chance to show his unrestrained potentiality checked by the forced reservation of his loyalty to the king.

Kwang-Gae: Named after the famous Kwang-Gae-Toh-Wang, the 19th King of the Koguryo Dynasty, who regained all the lost territories including the greater part of Manchuria. The diagram represents the expansion and recovery of lost territory. The 39 movements refer to the first two figures of 391 A. D., the year he came to the throne.

Ge-Baek: Named after a great general in the Baek Je Dynasty. The diagram represents his severe and strict military discipline.

Po-Eun: The pseudonym of Chong Mong-Chu. The diagram represents his unerring loyalty to the king and country.

Eui-Am: The pseudonym of Son Byong Hi, leader of the Korean independence movement on March 1, 1919. The 45 movements refer to his age when he changed the name of Dong Hak (Oriental culture) to Chondo Kyo (Heavenly way religion) in 1905. The diagram represents his Indomitable Spirit, displayed while dedicating himself to the prosperity of his nation.

Choong-Jang: The pseudonym given to General Kim Duk Ryang who lived during the Lee Dynasty, 14th century. This pattern ends with a left-hand attack to symbolize the tragedy of his death at 27 in prison before he was able to reach full maturity.

Juche: A philosophical idea that man is the master of everything and decides everything. In other words, the idea that man is the master of the world and his own destiny. It is said that this idea was rooted in Baekdu Mountain which symbolizes the spirit of the Korean people. The diagram represents Baekdu mountain.

Sam-Il: Denotes the historical date of the independence movement of Korea which began throughout the country on March 1, 1919. The 33 movements in the pattern stand for the 33 patriots who planned the movement.

Yoo-Sin: Named after General Kim Yoo Sin, a commanding general during the Silla Dynasty. The 68 movements refer to the last two figures of 668 A.D., the year Korea was united. The ready posture signifies a sword drawn on the right rather than left side, symbolizing Yoo Sin's mistake of following his Kings' orders to fight with foreign forces against his own nation.

Choi-Young: Named after General Choi Yong, premier and commander in chief of the armed forces during the 14th century Koryo Dynasty. Choi Yong was greatly respected for his loyalty, patriotism, and humility. He was executed by his subordinate commanders headed by general Yi Sung Gae, who later became the first King of the Lee Dynasty.

Besides the above hyungs, there are Yon-Ge, Ul-Ji, Moon-Moo, So-San, Se-Jong, and Tong-Il.

 

Dae ryon can be divided into two divisions: Yaksok Dea ryon (pre-arranged sparring) and Jayoo Dae ryon (free sparring). A detailed analysis of sparring techniques is not suitable for this booklet (required one-step sparring techniques are listed in Appendix II). Only the differences in pre-arranged sparring and free sparring will be discussed along with a few of the desirable attitudes toward sparring.

(1) Yaksok Dae Ryon (Pre-arranged sparring)
Pre-arranged sparring is designed to develop the student’s ability in regard to proper stances, correct and full execution of hand and foot techniques, body position, focus and precision of movement, balance, coordination of upper body and lower body movements, speed and timing of technique, and power of overall defense and counter-attack movements.

The main purpose of most pre-arranged sparring is to develop the student’s overall technical ability and is not designed to the direct purpose of self-defense. Nevertheless, the student’s self defense skill will certainly be enhanced by practicing one-step sparring.

There are various ways of practicing pre-arranged sparring, for example one-step, two-step, and three-step sparring). However, as the name denotes, there are certain pre-arranged rules that the practitioners must keep (i.e., the number of steps to be taken, using only a straight punching technique to the target, and normally punching to the upper lip area). There are hundreds of different pre-arranged sparring combinations to be used when the student practices defending himself against the attacker. This controlled sparring situation is designed with several thoughts in mind: to improve the practitioner’s ability of determining an attacker’s weak points; to improve the student’s understanding of a real attack; using a controlled setting to control and focus the kicks and punches; and to know the proper blocks and attacks. The practitioner must remember the purpose of this training is to become a truthful and proficient martial artist. No master instructor has ever neglected the importance of this training. Even the masters themselves practice pre-arranged sparring in their daily training.

(2) Jayoo Dae Ryon (Free Sparring)
This is a measure of the physical improvements that the practitioner has made. Sparring teaches humility, courage, accuracy and self-control.
The dynamic and constantly changing situation of free sparring challenges the practitioner. There is no pre-arranged or standardized maneuver in free sparring. One must counter-attack the opponents’ attacks as they are executed. The best defense, of course, is a strong offense. Good techniques and speed, as well as excellent counter-attacks are the keys to a successful defense. When a student is engaged in sparring, he is the only one responsible for defending himself. However, one must know that free sparring under the supervision of the instructor is one of the safest training aspects of Taekwondo. 

 

The sport aspect of Taekwondo is provided through tournament competition. The beauty of controlled sparring, well executed and balanced Hyung performance and awesome breaking techniques are present at most well-organized competitions. There are numerous principles and very specific rules for each competition. These need to be carefully noted by all participants, as there is some variation in scoring and legal techniques from tournament to tournament. It should also be pointed out that Taekwondo has recently been recognized as an Olympic sport. However, this booklet will just cover the manner and attitude of the participants. Those who wish to know more about this subject should speak to their instructor.

The general manner and attitude expected of the participants during a tournament is as follows:

(1) Show your humbleness to the masters by bowing to them when you meet, pass or leave them.
(2) Follow the rules of the competition at all times.
(3) Pay attention to the announcements, even though it may not directly affect you.
(4) Remember that you are there to compete with the other students, not only physically, but also mentally as a sportsman.
(5) Have close contact with your instructor, if he is present.
(6) Never disobey the judge’s decision.
(7) Never complain how the competition is run or how points are awarded.
(8) Have pride in your style of martial art and your instructor at all times.

One concern in competition is that most of the participants are unknowledgeable of the rules and need to pay attention to the announcements. Even though students may not have the complete set of rules for the competition, prior to their arrival, they can learn the rules very quickly, if they listen to the announcements. The competition directors always announce these prior to the start of the actual competition. The participants, however, may expect to receive the following information: the size of the competing area, the target spots, the degree or amount of contact allowed, the approved attacking and blocking tools, the scoring system, the names of referees, and umpires, the elimination method being used, the time allowance for each match, the reasons for disqualification and fouls, the prizes and awards, and when awards will be presented.

This is a short list of things to do when participating in tournament sparring.

It’s not the quantity, it’s the quality of the kicks that counts. You win by points, not the number of kicks. Beginners often kick up to a 100 times without scoring a point, whereas the black belt may kick twice and score twice. Why? Effective use of the technique, timing, power, speed.

Timing is very important when attacking and especially counter-attacking. This can be ‘learned’ through sparring or reaction pad drills.

Concentrate on few kicks. There are countless kicks and combinations in Taekwondo but you only need a few of them to be successful in tournaments. The most important kicks are the round, drop, and side kicks. If you can do these kicks with power and speed, you should be able to challenge your most formidable opponent. These kicks have been proven as the most effective and score most often.

Power. If you don’t have power in your kicks, then you can forget about scoring. At the more advanced levels, some tournaments require you to kick your opponent with enough force to move them back. More power can be generated by twisting your hip.

Conserve your energy for later rounds or matches. Too many air kicks means you’ll run out of steam.

Distance. When sparring, it’s a lot less painful and tiring if, instead of blocking your opponent’s kicks, you simply move out of range. This serves two purposes – you don’t get bruises from blocking the kicks of somebody who may be bigger than you, and you frustrate your opponent, who looks like he or she doesn’t know what their doing because they keep kicking air.

It is important to learn 3 things in regard to distance:
(i) How to judge your distance from your opponent – is he in your kicking range?
(ii) How to judge your opponents distance from you – are you in his kicking range?
(iii) How to close and open distance as needed – Your opponent will not voluntarily stand at just the right distance for you to attack them.

Also note that “out of range” doesn’t necessarily mean “too far away”, it means “at a distance where your opponent can’t kick you without having to adjust their distance form you in some fashion.”

Blocks. If you block a kick, make sure it stays blocked. No half-hearted attempts along the lines to just sticking out your arm will do. With a little experience, you will know what blocks work best for what kicks.

Follow-up. Many people, after they score a point, step back and wait to see whether their opponent will crumple to the ground. It is at the moment of your opponent’s reaction to your score that you may be able to take advantage of their momentary confusion to follow up with additional techniques.

 

 

Generally in promotional testing the emphasis is placed on Hyung (pattern) performance. The standard of granting a specific rank may very slightly according to the philosophy and criteria of the Chief Judge. However, there is a minimum and uniform standard that must be met physically and mentally, prior to a student being granted an advancement in belt rank.

There are 18 ranks in Taekwondo, nine grades (Gup) of colored belts and nine degrees (Dan) of black belt. The testing is normally held every two months starting in February of each year. It must be judged by a panel of qualified instructors, who are 2nd degree black belt or higher. The following are the requirements for advancement for each step (However, these can be altered by the decision of the judges panel.):


White Belt (9th Gup): Chong-Ji Hyung and one-steps one through seven.

Orange Belt (8th Gup): Bo-Chung Hyung, one-steps eight through fourteen and free sparring.

Orange Belt w/ stripe (7th Gup): Dan-Gun Hyung, one-steps 15 through 21 and free sparring

Green Belt (6th Gup): Do-San Hyung, one-steps 22 through 28 and free sparring.

Green Belt w/ stripe (5th Gup): Won-Hyo Hyung, one-steps 29 through 35 and free sparring

Blue Belt (4th Gup): Yul-Guk Hyung, three-steps one through 35, free sparring

Blue Belt w/ stripe (3rd Gup): Joong-Gun Hyung, fighting stance three-steps 16 through 35 and free sparring

Brown Belt (2nd Gup): Toi-Gye Hyung, quick attack defense, free sparring, and board breaking consisting of one foot and one hand technique

Brown Belt w/ stripe (1R Gup): Hwa-Rang Hyung, quick attack defense, free sparring and board breaking consisting of one foot and one hand technique

Half Brown / Half Black (1D Gup): Choong-Moo Hyung, quick attack defense, free sparring and board breaking consisting of one foot and one hand technique, short answer essay on the topic what is a black belt

Recommended Black Belt: Choong-Moo Hyung, board breaking consisting of one foot technique with each foot, free sparring and written test.

1st Dan: Gwang-Gae and Ge-Baek Hyung, board breaking consisting of one jumping foot technique and one hand technique, free sparring, and written test.

2nd Recommended: Po-Eun Hyung, board breaking consisting of one jumping foot technique and a second foot technique, free sparring, and written test.

2nd Dan: Eui-Am, Choong-Jang Hyung, board breaking consisting of obstacle jump and hand technique, free sparring, and written test.

3rd Recommended: Juche Hyung, board breaking consisting of obstacle jump and second foot technique, free sparring, and written test.

3rd Dan: Sam-Il, Yoo-Sin and Choi-Young Hyung, board breaking (combination or three different targets, to include an obstacle jump), free sparring, and written paper.

4th to 6th Degree Black Belt: Hyungs are assigned to each rank, and any additional maneuvers required by the judges’ panel.

7th to 9th Degree Black Belt: Honorary recognition by the Association based on the individual’s promotion and betterment of Taekwondo.

 

The rules of etiquette are very valuable in Taekwondo. They provide a guide for the student’s behavior and attitude deep within their heart. Taekwondo students should strive to live up to the high standards expected. The standards are practiced to develop a sense of values in students, resulting in a higher level of courtesy and respect. This is the strong basis for morality that is desperately needed in the world today. Taekwondo develops humility in behavior and pride in oneself. The formalities within Taekwondo breed unselfishness, kindness and tolerance. The courtesy between the students and their instructor has played a major role in the development of Taekwondo. In fact, there is probably no other martial art that emphasizes the importance of courtesy more than Taekwondo. Any student who doesn't know the following courteous conduct and/or doesn't behave, according to it, will not be considered a student of Taekwondo. There are several reasons why the courtesy between the instructor and the students is so important to the training process. This will be discussed in later pages. Why practice courtesy? To promote the spirit of mutual concessions; To encourage a sense of justice and humanity; To distinguish instructor from student, senior from junior, an elder from younger.

Now, let's review the normal and customary courtesy found in Taekwondo training: 

(A) Academy Rules
1. Always be humble
2. Bow when entering or leaving the practice room (facing the flags)
3. Bow to black belts as a greeting and also upon leaving
4. Be respectful of others, especially seniors (in age and rank)
5. When lining up, do not walk through the lines - walk around instead
6. When resting, sit on the floor with legs crossed or stretch, do not sit in chairs or leaning against the walls
7. Always use proper language in the Dojang
8. No beverages, food, chewing gum, or smoking in the training area
9. Be especially attentive to avoid injury to yourself or fellow students during practice sessions
10. No street shoes, jewelry, or sharp objects are permitted in the training area
11. Students should never leave class for a break, water, or an early dismissal without permission
12. Program times are to be adhered to by all students and families
13. Parents and guardians are not to interfere or make comments to students or instructors while class is being conducted
14. Students are responsible to keep their program fees current and should make all payments in a timely manner. Anyone having financial difficulty should immediately speak to the instructor to work out a mutual agreement


(B) Courtesy toward the Instructor 
1. Address all instructors using "SIR" or "MADAM" 
2. Call them by their formal surnames (e.g., Mr. Smith) 
3. Bow to them when you leave and/or meet them in or outside of the DoJang.
4. Yield the right of way to them 
5. Always show your humbleness to them 
6. Think of your instructor's directions as the ultimate ones that must be kept at all times
7. Don't leave the DoJang without the permission of the instructor 
8. Bow to the instructor prior to and after asking him a question 
9. Be willing to sacrifice for the art and instructor 


(C) Courtesy toward your Sparring Partner 
1. Treat them as you wish to be treated 
2. Don't think of him as your playmate Respect him as an individual) 
3. Never get mad for being hit by his incidental attacks 
4. Always show your humbleness to him 


(D) Attitude toward the Practice
The student’s attitude is a very important aspect of training. The following guidelines must be continuously practiced and improved upon:
1. Students must strive for a complete understanding of all aspects of Taekwondo through analysis of your own and your partners technique
2. Students should always be sincere in their practice of Taekwondo, performing each technique with precision and focus
3. Students must dedicate themselves to the popularization of Taekwondo
4. Students must establish long range goals for themselves 
5. Students must demonstrate maturity, and be a good example of a true martial artist and develop a good sense of sportsmanship
6. Always follow the instructor’s command immediately, the student will not disobey the instructor under any circumstance 
7. Students will neither be haughty or complacent 
8. Students will follow the rules of etiquette under all circumstances and set the example at home, school, or any other situation
9. Fully devote yourself to practicing the art of Taekwondo 
10. Have the confidence to stop the enemy with one precise technique 

(E) Attitude toward Adversity 
1. Stand up to whomever or whatever is against righteousness or brings disgrace to yourself or Taekwondo
2. Fully devote yourself to education
3. Have the confidence to handle any situation and overcome it


Class Oath

1. Taekwondo training requires high mental and physical standards.

2. We must be respectful, courteous, and just at all times.

3. We must observe class rules and develop strong unity through mutual aid.

No man has been born into this world without the love of parents, the pain of a mother. No man became great and respected without the guidance of the preceding forerunners. No boy will ever become a man without the help of elders, who have already journeyed on the path of life the boy is following. 
For this particular reason, the Asian philosophy insists one respect their seniors. 

Asian philosophy states that all things have counterparts. Therefore, no animal or element of nature stands by itself. No physical phenomenon is possible without the reacting opposite. No concept of love can exist without the concept of hate. These are the fundamental philosophies of the martial arts, particularly of Taekwondo. The concept of opposites and dichotomies is expressed in idea of Yin and Yang. Yin (shade) and Yang (light) are constantly fighting against each other. There is no end to this conflict. The universe has several examples of conflict. The martial arts are designed to assist a student in coping and adjusting to this conflict; which is found both within ourselves, as well as between ourselves and others. 

Can you say that you are strong, if there is no one to compare your strength to? Can you recognize your ability, if there is no one to appreciate it? That's why you need at least one other person in your life to help you understand your strengths and weaknesses. However, what will happen if you don't trust this person's answers? What will happen if you don't trust their ability? There will only be an endless struggle between yourself and the rest of the world. Ultimately, you will end up as a failure. Thousands of people have failed, and still thousands more will fail because they do not or cannot trust others to help them. 

Trust your instructor. Trust him with all your heart. Be willing to share your life with him. 

In our modern world of monetary transactions children are separated from parents, students from teachers, believers from the pastors, and friends from friends. If monetary gain and money are the sole focal points of society, it will teach a man to hate, to envy, to scold, to deceive, and to betray others for his self-gain. This phenomenon will also cause the love of family members and support networks within the family to cease. 

The Taekwondo instructor doesn't teach the students how to write or how to make a circle. He teaches them a way of life. He teaches a set of techniques which can be used on him. In this sense teaching shouldn't be considered a monetary transaction. It is a trust, a bonding of individuals through brotherly love. If the students' don't respect the instructor, and are not willing to share their lives with him, then it is not unjust if the instructor dismisses them before they grow. In like manner, a decaying segment of a body must be cut 
off before it spreads and results in the death of the person. 

The instructor who has gone through the same hard, painstaking training that his students are now going through should know exactly what is needed for the betterment of his students. He shouldn't withhold information from the students, because when he accepted them into his program, he also assumed all the responsibilities of improving them. If he withholds information, he is recognizing his own failure and shortcomings. He should also be willing to share his life with his students. 

Only when the students recognize the importance of an instructor will they be ready to sacrifice themselves for him. If the instructor shares his understanding of various life experiences, it permits the student to recognize that the martial arts are not to be misused. If a student misuses his knowledge of Taekwondo, it brings shame on himself and his instructor. If the seeking heart of a student is ready to sacrifice itself for the instructor, it can be called the blossom of a flower. If the instructor shares his heart with the student, then it can be called the fruit of a flower. 

The relationship between the instructor and student is a true bonding process which can last a life time. Nothing can break it apart. Nothing can humiliate it. Only the instructor and/or student can destroy the bond from within themselves. 

We hope that all Taekwondo students have the positive and growing relationship with their instructors that promotes development and understanding. 

Nine parts of the Student’s responsibility with regard to the Student-Instructor Relationship:

1. Never tire of learning. A good student can learn anytime, anywhere. This is the secret of knowledge.
2. A good student must be willing to sacrifice for his art and his instructor. Many students feel their training is a commodity that is bought with monthly dues and testing fees and they are unwilling to take part in demonstrations, teaching and working around the Dojang. An instructor can afford to loose this type of student.
3. Always set a good example for lower ranking students. It is only natural they will attempt to emulate their seniors.
4. Always be loyal and never criticize the instructor, the art of Taekwondo, or the teaching methods.
5. If an Instructor teaches a technique, practice and attempt to utilize it.
6. Remember that a student’s conduct outside the Dojang reflects on the art and the instructor.
7. Never be disrespectful to the instructor. Though a student is allowed to disagree, the student must follow the instructions first and discuss the matter later.
8. A student must always be eager to learn and ask questions.
9. Never betray a trust.